ABDULKADIR BELLO SHALLAH, ABDULKADIR BELLO SHALLAH and FARID ZUBIR, FARID ZUBIR and MOHAMAD KAMAL A. RAHIM, MOHAMAD KAMAL A. RAHIM and NOORLINDAWATY MD. JIZAT, NOORLINDAWATY MD. JIZAT and ABDUL BASIT, ABDUL BASIT and MAHER ASSAAD, MAHER ASSAAD and HUDA A. MAJID, HUDA A. MAJID (2024) A Miniaturized Metamaterial-Based Dual-Band 4×4 Butler Matrix With Enhanced Frequency Ratio for Sub-6 GHz 5G Applications. Digital Object Identifier, 12. pp. 32320-32332.
![[img]](http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/style/images/fileicons/text.png) |
Text
J17535_3c24e4f901ae05410d662a6a942e9eb2.pdf Restricted to Registered users only Download (4MB) | Request a copy |
Abstract
This paper introduces an innovative 4 × 4 dual-band Butler matrix (BM) characterized by compactness and an enhanced frequency ratio (K). The design employs meandered lines and an interdigital capacitor (IDC) unit-cell-based composite right/left-handed transmission-line (CRLH-TL) metamaterial (MTM) structure. The BM integrates compact dual-band 3 dB branch-line couplers (BLC), a 0 dB crossover, and dual-band ±45◦ phase shifters on a single Rogers RT5880 substrate having relative permittivity εr of 2.2 and thickness h of 0.787 mm. Simulations and measurement results demonstrate reflection and isolation coefficients exceeding −20 dB at all ports, with obtained insertion loss of −6±3 dB over the 0.7 GHz and 3.5 GHz frequency bands. The achieved output phase differences of ±45◦ , ±135◦ , ±135◦ , and ±45◦ at the designed frequencies indicate a maximum average phase tolerance of ±4.5◦ concerning the ideal values. Importantly, the BM’s overall dimensions are 143 mm × 186 mm, resulting in an impressive 78% size reduction compared to traditional T-shaped BM designs. The proposed configuration is designed and simulated using CST Microwave Studio, with the agreement between simulated and measured parameters highlighting design reliability and effectiveness. Additionally, a performance evaluation comparing the proposed BM with existing circuits reveals its suitability for sub-6 GHz 5G dual-band antenna array beamforming networks (BFN) due to its compact size and improved band ratio.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK5101-6720 Telecommunication. Including telegraphy, telephone, radio, radar, television |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering > FKEE |
| Depositing User: | Mr. Mohamad Zulkhibri Rahmad |
| Date Deposited: | 04 Jun 2024 02:46 |
| Last Modified: | 04 Jun 2024 02:46 |
| URI: | http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/id/eprint/11059 |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |