Significant effect of concentration ratio in synthesizing titania nanoflowers (TNF) powder via facile hydrothermal method

Azhar, Faiz Hafeez and Harun, Zawati and Yunos, Muhamad Zaini and Ahmad, Azlinorazia and Mohd Akhair, Siti Hajar and Raja Ahmad, Raja Adibah and Abd Rashid, Abdul Qaiyyum and Hussin, Rosniza and Ibrahim, Siti Aida and Ahmad, Mohd Khairul (2018) Significant effect of concentration ratio in synthesizing titania nanoflowers (TNF) powder via facile hydrothermal method. Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, 14 (3). pp. 397-402. ISSN 2289-5981

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Abstract

The significant effect of titanium butoxide and hydrochloric acid (TBut/HCl) concentration ratio in synthesizing titania nanoflowers (TNF) towards powder morphologies, crystallographic phases, surface area and band gap were investigated. Various synthesized titania nanostructure were prepared via facile hydrothermal method using titanium butoxide and hydrochloric acid as a mixing composition. The morphologies of synthesizing titania powder were analyzed by using FE-SEM to observe the shape and geometry of the synthesized powder. XRD was used to determine the crystallographic phases of synthesized powder at 2θ angles of 25° to 75°. Each sample was then investigated under BET analyzer to observe the particle surface area and UV-Vis analyzer to determine the band gap. The results demonstrated that the concentration of TBut/HCl ratio gave a very significant effect in transforming the mixing solution into geometrical shape of microspheres, nanoflowers and nanorods of titania as increasing the ratio. At TN0.5, the synthesized powder was clearly showing a circle geometrical shape of particles. The shape was suddenly changed into a round nanoflowers form consist of tiny nanorods at TN1. At TN1.5, the powder morphology shows the nanoflowers started to form in an irregular pattern. As the concentration ratio increased, the nanoflowers form disappeared and nanorods begin to clump. In addition, all synthesized powder was in rutile phases guided by XRD peaks and the band gap value reported from previous works. The particle surface area was also different for each sample since the geometrical shape of powder was changed by increasing the concentration (TBut/HCl) ratio. Thus, concentration ratio of the mixing composition plays a major role in transforming the overall morphologies and structures of hydrothermal synthesis titania particles.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Titania nanoflower (TNF); titanium dioxide; nanostructure; titanium butoxide; hydrothermal method
Subjects:	Q Science > QC Physics
Divisions:	Faculty of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering > Department of Manufacturing Engineering
Depositing User:	Miss Afiqah Faiqah Mohd Hafiz
Date Deposited:	17 Nov 2021 07:19
Last Modified:	17 Nov 2021 07:19
URI:	http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/id/eprint/3453

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