The future of rainwater recycling: assessing health risks and environmental impact

Pu, Jaan and Chukwuemeka, John and Radin Mohamed, Radin Maya Saphira and Hamdan, Rafidah and Hanmaiahgar, Prashanth Reddy and Moruzzi, Rodrigo (2025) The future of rainwater recycling: assessing health risks and environmental impact. O futuro do aproveitamento de agua pluvial: avaliando os riscos à saúde e o impacto ambiental. pp. 1-18.

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Abstract

This article examines the future of rainwater recycling through a study of numerous scholarly articles, research papers, and studies on rainwater collection, its advantages, potential health hazards, and environmental consequences. Rainwater collecting systems have gained popularity as feasible alternatives to traditional water resources because of their ability to alleviate water scarcity. A comprehensive search of peer-reviewed journal articles from 2004 to 2024 was conducted using Medline, PubMed, EBSCOhost, and Google Scholar, with specific search terms and Boolean operators. The assessment explores the importance of effective disinfection and filtration technologies for reducing microbiological pollutants. It also addresses the effects of toxic contaminants, such as heavy metals, highlighting the necessity of efficient management techniques. The review provides insights into optimising rainwater collection practices for better sustainability and resilience against the impacts of climate change by evaluating regional variances and global regulatory frameworks. This paper advocates for integrated approaches that are aligned with global water security goals and sustainable development objectives by providing information to policymakers, academics, and practitioners regarding the state and future directions of rainwater recycling.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	rainwater recycling; health risks; environmental impacts; contaminants; clean water and sanitation (SDG 6)
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil Engineering and Built Environment > FKAAB
Depositing User:	Mr. Mohamad Zulkhibri Rahmad
Date Deposited:	29 Sep 2025 02:16
Last Modified:	29 Sep 2025 02:26
URI:	http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/id/eprint/13241

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